Taganov Igor, Saari Ville-Velli. The Concept of Spiral Time ‒ Time and Antitime.
Applying the theory of set’s linear measures, it is possible to prove that if the states of physical processes are always measured with the finite uncertainties, moments of physical time can be represented only by two-part numbers and, in particular, by complex numbers. The geometric form of complex physical time can be represented by a helix with variable pitch and diameter in the pseudo-Euclidian three-dimensional space with the signature (‒1, 1, 1). The specific mathematical models of spiral time can be developed using the principle of least action. In particular, one of the models describes cosmological deceleration of the time pace, which explains well the number of observed phenomena ‒ strange acceleration of the Earth’s rotation, anomalous accelerations of the Moon and the terrestrial planets and systematic discrepancy in isotopic estimates of rock ages on the Earth and the Moon. Expressive manifestation of the cosmological deceleration of the time pace is the recently discovered apparent acceleration of the universe’s space expansion. In cosmology, the use of spiral time concept allows to replace the empirical estimates of key parameters of the observable universe by simple functions of the fundamental constants.
The use of the spiral time concept in physics of microcosm eliminates the problem of the inevitable spreading of the wave packets representing the micro particles with finite masses and sizes. The new interpretation of quantum mechanics does not have a problem of the “wave-particle duality” ‒ during free movement an individual micro particle in each moment of complex physical time has a well-defined complex coordinates. Depending on the resolution of the device, we can see clear path of individual particle or just the result of quantum self-organization (sometimes of the wave-like type) of sufficiently numerous ensembles of micro particles during its interaction with the experimental device. Statistical physics of sub-nuclear world that uses the spiral time concept, predicts, in particular, the new quantum uncertainty relations, which are confirmed by modern studies in elementary particle physics.